We decided to study this underground market using a digital ethnography method that is, by diving straight into the cybercriminals’ online habitat - darknet forums. Now individuals seeking to create fake videos and pictures turn to specialists - readily available, as you could have guessed, on the darkweb. The creation of high-quality deepfakes requires technical expertise and advanced software, so various underground experts and services emerged. However, modern cybercriminals tend to specialize on the chosen areas of expertise. In our hyper-connected world, fraudsters can easily collect pictures and even videos of potential victims - especially when it comes to public figures. At the same time, AI technologies are forever increasing in (breathtaking) sophistication with each new version, and now allow the creation of impossibly realistic-looking pictures and extremely convincing audio.ĭeepfakes are used for various purposes, including revenge, financial fraud, political manipulation, and harassment. The issue is all the more disturbing of late as tools for AI-generation become increasingly widespread and accessible to the general public. One of the most concerning trends is the rise of deepfakes - forged images, audio or video created with the aid of artificial intelligence, which makes them appear absolutely real - at least to the naked eye. Cybercrime quickly adopts new technologies.
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